{"id":2007,"date":"2018-02-03T13:48:00","date_gmt":"2018-02-03T12:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hcpderie.fr\/myfreshinstall01\/?p=2007"},"modified":"2026-03-08T14:10:18","modified_gmt":"2026-03-08T13:10:18","slug":"lhistoire-dun-camp-americain-ephemere-en-1918","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hcpderie.fr\/?p=2007","title":{"rendered":"L&rsquo;histoire d&rsquo;un camp am\u00e9ricain \u00e9ph\u00e9m\u00e8re en 1918"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2007\" class=\"elementor elementor-2007\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc7bfd3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fc7bfd3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3383449 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3383449\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">L'histoire d'un camp am\u00e9ricain \u00e9ph\u00e9m\u00e8re en 1918<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52551751 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"52551751\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6da6f99d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6da6f99d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><\/h5>\n<h3>\u00a0<\/h3>\n<h3><strong>Un ouvrage synth\u00e9tique<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h5>\u00a0<\/h5>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5>L&rsquo;\u00e9t\u00e9 dernier, l&rsquo;association Histoire culture et patrimoine du pays de Ri\u00e9 avait pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 une exposition sur le camp d&rsquo;aviation am\u00e9ricain du Champ-Gaillard. Afin de laisser une trace de ces recherches, les passionn\u00e9s d&rsquo;histoire viennent de sortir un petit ouvrage synth\u00e9tique de 62 pages sur la question.<\/h5>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5>\u00a0<\/h5>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5>Une dizaine d&rsquo;auteurs ont particip\u00e9 \u00e0 la r\u00e9alisation de ce document richement illustr\u00e9. Une occasion de se souvenir d&rsquo;un\u00a0<span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;\">\u00e9pisode m\u00e9connu de la vie locale datant d&rsquo;il y a cent ans.<\/span><\/h5>\n<div><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hcpderie.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/camp-aviation-2017.png\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2009 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/hcpderie.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/camp-aviation-2017.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"618\" height=\"350\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hcpderie.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/camp-aviation-2017.png 618w, https:\/\/hcpderie.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/camp-aviation-2017-300x170.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 618px) 100vw, 618px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<h5><em>Les participants des recherches sur l&rsquo;histoire du camp am\u00e9ricain devant le site du Champ-Gaillard.<\/em><\/h5>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h3><strong>Un camp d&rsquo;envergure<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/div>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5>Les chercheurs sont cat\u00e9goriques sur l&rsquo;ampleur de la base a\u00e9rienne.<\/h5>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5><strong>\u00ab Le camp \u00e9tait fr\u00e9quent\u00e9 par 1 500 hommes. 170 avions \u00e9taient recens\u00e9s et un h\u00f4pital, d&rsquo;une capacit\u00e9 de 50 places, a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9difi\u00e9. La base s&rsquo;\u00e9tendait sur 250 hectares, \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle des fermes du Champ-Gaillard et de la Caillauderie,<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>soit en limite des deux communes de Saint-Jean-de-Monts et Saint-Hilaire-de-Riez \u00bb,\u00a0<\/strong>brosse Jacques Baud, de l&rsquo;association Histoire culture et patrimoine du pays de Ri\u00e9.L&rsquo;entr\u00e9e en guerre des \u00c9tats-Unis<\/h5>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5>Dans le livre, les auteurs reviennent sur le contexte de l&rsquo;entr\u00e9e en guerre des \u00c9tats-Unis dans la Grande Guerre, en avril 1917.<\/h5>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5>Un \u00e9v\u00e9nement qui va constituer un tournant \u00e0 une p\u00e9riode o\u00f9 les forces des puissances de l&rsquo;Entente sont \u00e9puis\u00e9es. Elles redoutent le report de l&rsquo;arm\u00e9e de l&rsquo;Est, d\u00e9sormais disponible apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;armistice avec la Russie.<\/h5>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h3><strong>Puissance logistique<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5>\u00a0<\/h5>\n<h5>La rapidit\u00e9 d&rsquo;installation des Am\u00e9ricains sur le territoire vend\u00e9en illustre la puissance logistique de l&rsquo;arm\u00e9e am\u00e9ricaine. Elle va transformer les terres du Champ-Gaillard en piste d&rsquo;aviation en quelques mois.<\/h5>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5>Une noria de camions va notamment amener vingt rouleaux \u00e0 vapeur en pi\u00e8ces d\u00e9tach\u00e9es. Des engins de 10 tonnes capables de niveler le terrain. Des baraquements vont \u00eatre construits en quelques semaines. Le tout pour un camp \u00e9ph\u00e9m\u00e8re de quelques mois, entre avril 1918 et d\u00e9but 1919.<\/h5>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5>Archives militaires<\/h5>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5>Les recherches de l&rsquo;association ont \u00e9t\u00e9 fructueuses, mais ce sont plus les archives militaires qui ont parl\u00e9.\u00a0<strong>\u00ab Nous n&rsquo;avons eu que peu de t\u00e9moignages de l&rsquo;\u00e9poque, car il s&rsquo;agissait d&rsquo;un camp militaire. M\u00eame les \u00e9crits de l&rsquo;abb\u00e9 Thibaud restent discrets sur le sujet. Des contacts avec les Am\u00e9ricains se sont nou\u00e9s lors d&rsquo;\u00e9v\u00e9nements, comme le 14\u00a0<\/strong><strong>J<\/strong><strong>uillet. \u00bb<\/strong>\u00a0Mais a priori, les Am\u00e9ricains vivaient sur place en nouant peu de contacts avec la population.<\/h5>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h3><strong>\u00c9cole d&rsquo;artillerie a\u00e9rienne<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5>Le camp du Champ-Gaillard a servi \u00e0 l&rsquo;instruction des pilotes. Il s&rsquo;agit de leur inculquer la technique de la chasse-poursuite, l&rsquo;observation, le tir a\u00e9rien en direction d&rsquo;autres avions ou vers le sol.<strong>\u00a0\u00ab Tous les pilotes am\u00e9ricains de la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale sont pass\u00e9s sur place dans cette \u00e9cole d&rsquo;artillerie a\u00e9rienne \u00bb,<\/strong>\u00a0rappelle Jacques Baud.<\/h5>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5>Photos a\u00e9riennes<\/h5>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5>L&rsquo;essentiel du travail men\u00e9 par l&rsquo;association a \u00e9t\u00e9 d&rsquo;acc\u00e9der aux archives militaires am\u00e9ricaines afin de reconstituer l&rsquo;histoire du camp d&rsquo;aviation.<\/h5>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5><strong>\u00ab Nous avons m\u00eame retrouv\u00e9 des photos a\u00e9riennes r\u00e9alis\u00e9es par un photographe militaire qui a pris des clich\u00e9s des 70 camps militaires am\u00e9ricains en France \u00bb,<\/strong>\u00a0explique Patrick Avrillas.<\/h5>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5><em>Le camp d&rsquo;aviation am\u00e9ricain en pays de Riez et de Monts<\/em>, au prix de 15 \u20ac, est soutenu par la ville de Saint- Hilaire-de-Riez.<\/h5>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5>Il est en vente dans les librairies de Saint-Jean-de-Monts, Saint-Gilles-Croix-de-Vie et Challans.<\/h5>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&rsquo;histoire d&rsquo;un camp am\u00e9ricain \u00e9ph\u00e9m\u00e8re en 1918 \u00a0 Un ouvrage synth\u00e9tique \u00a0 L&rsquo;\u00e9t\u00e9 dernier, l&rsquo;association Histoire culture et patrimoine du [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2009,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_angie_page":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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href=\"https:\/\/hcpderie.fr\/?cat=10\" rel=\"category\">presse<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"L&rsquo;histoire d&rsquo;un camp am\u00e9ricain \u00e9ph\u00e9m\u00e8re en 1918 \u00a0 Un ouvrage synth\u00e9tique \u00a0 L&rsquo;\u00e9t\u00e9 dernier, l&rsquo;association Histoire culture et patrimoine du 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